Why do we deworm in the Fall?
In the Rocky Mountain Region we deworm in the fall after the first hard freeze. The reason for this is bots. Adult bot flies lay eggs in the late summer and early fall. These eggs are typically on the horses front legs and chest. When the horse uses its mouth to itch himself, these eggs find their way into the mouth. Saliva induces the eggs to hatch and the tiny larva embed in the mouth tissues until they are mature enough to be swallowed and attach to the stomach lining.
The red arrows in this photo are showing a common location for bot larva to be found, although they can embed in any tissue. The lesions in this mouth are healing which means the larva in this horse have already migrated to the stomach. These photos were taken well after the first frost.
Why is the frost important? As long as adult bot flies can lay eggs, the cycle continues. The frost kills the adult flies and the egg laying cycle stops until the next summer. If you deworm your horse while there are still eggs on her hair, you won’t stop the cycle and any unhatched will not be affected by the dewormer. If you choose to deworm before the first frost you’ll need to do it again later in the year.
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